Aging and Inflammation

biyomedikalozel5-1-24kapak

Fatma Sena DOSTa , Açelya GÖKDENİZ YILDIRIMb , Ahmet Turan IŞIKb
aKocaeli Darıca Farabi Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Geriatric Medicine, Kocaeli, Türkiye
bDokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, İzmir, Türkiye

Dost FS, Gökdeniz Yıldırım A, Işık AT. Aging and inflammation. In: Koçdor H, Pabuççuoğlu A, Zihnioğlu F, eds. Inflammation and in vitro Diagnostics. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2024. p.146-50.

Article Language: EN

ABSTRACT
Age-related immune system changes are called immunosenescence. Immunosenescence is characterized by an increased risk of inflammation, infection, malignancy, and autoimmune disorders. Older adults exhibit a chronic, sterile, low-level inflammatory process called ”inflammaging”. With aging, stem cells in the bone marrow decrease and their telomeres shorten. Moreover, acquired genomic or mitochondrial DNA defects accumulate and result in decreased regeneration capacity of hematopoietic stem cells. In addition, pro-inflammatory markers such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increase with aging. Accumulation of senescent cells, production of leptin from adipose tissue, altered gastrointestinal flora, and underlying diseases may cause immune deficiency and susceptibility to infection. Nutrition, exercise, and vaccination come into prominence to slow the effect of the aging immune system.

Keywords: Aging; immune system; stem cell; telomere; DNA damage

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