Anafilaksi Tedavisi

Dilşad MUNGANa
aAnkara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Göğüs Hastalıkları ABD, İmmünoloji ve Alerji Hastalıkları BD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE

Mungan D. Anafilaksi tedavisi. Akın C, Şekerel BE. editörler. Anafilaksi. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.68-74.

ÖZET
Anafilaksi hızlı değerlendirme ve erken müdahaleyi gerektiren acil bir durumdur. Ani başlar ve dakikalar içinde solunum veya kardiyovasküler kollapsa giderek ölümle sonuçlanabilir. Bu nedenle hızlı müdahele gerektirir, poliklinikte, serviste, acil serviste veya yoğun bakımda aynı acil tedavi prensipleri geçerlidir. İlk yapılması gereken neden olan uyarının derhal ortadan kaldırılması ve hastanın dolaşım, solunum, bilinç ve deri bulgularının hızlı bir şekilde değerlendirilmesidir. Acilen eş zamanlı olarak yardım ekibi çağrılır, adrenalin uygulanır ve hasta uygun pozisyona getirilir. İhtiyaç geliştiği takdirde; oksijen desteği, IV sıvı replasmanı ve kardiyopulmoner resüsitasyona başlanmalıdır. Belirli aralıklarla hastanın kan basıncı, kalp hızı, O2 saturasyonu ölçülmeli, solunum ve kardiak durumu değerlendirilmelidir. Anafilaksi semptomları düzeldikten sonra, orta derecede anafilaksi kliniği olan hastaların veya ciddi anafilaksi açısından risk taşıyanların son adrenalin dozundan sonra 4 saat gözlem altında tutulması, duruma göre 8-10 saate kadar uzatılması önerilir. Ağır veya uzamış anflaksi geçirenlerin izlem süresi birkaç güne kadar uzatılabilir. Taburculuk öncesi hastaya anafilaksi acil eylem planı verilmeli, adrenalin otoenjektör reçete edilmeli ve uzun dönem izlem için bir alerji kliniğine yönlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Anafilaksi; anaflaktik şok; adrenalin

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