CURRENT CONCEPTS IN ADULTS UPPER EXTREMITY FRACTURES

21452Ugur_TiftikciCurrent_Consept_in_adults.kapak

ANATOMY, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND CLASSIFICATION OF WRIST FRACTURES

İsmail Karasoy

Yavuz Selim Bone Diseases and Rehabilitation Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Trabzon, Türkiye

Karasoy İ. Anatomy, Epidemiology, and Classification of Wrist Fractures. In: Tiftikçi U, Erdoğan E, Ergün C, Güneş Z, editors. Current Concepts in Adults Upper Extremity Fractures. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.255-262.

ABSTRACT

The wrist consists of the distal ends of the radius and ulna, eight carpal bones (proximal row: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform; distal row: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate) and the proximal ends of the five metacarpals Distal radius fractures are among the most common fractures worldwide, and the overall prevalence is %17,5 for all fractures. Carpal fractures compose %2-3 of all fractures. Both of these fractures show bimodal distribution involving young males and old females. Several classification systems have been identified for distal radius fractures. However, none of them showed significant value for treatment. The AO/OTA Classification system is the most commonly used classification system for distal radius fractures. According to this classification, fractures are classified into three main categories: A (extra-articular), B (partial articular) and C (complete articular). In 2018, the AO/OTA classification changed and they started to classify both radius and ulna seperately.

Keywords: Wrist injuries; Radius fractures; Carpal bones; Ulna; Radius

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