Health of Transgender Women: Gynecological, Hormonal, Sexual and Psychological Management

healthtransgenderwomenkapak

BREAST CANCER RISK AND SCREENING IN TRANSGENDER WOMEN

İbrahim Batmaz

Mardin Artuklu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Mardin, Türkiye

Batmaz İ. Breast Cancer Risk and Screening in Transgender Women. Balsak D, Aksin Ş, eds. Health of Transgender Women: Gynecological, Hormonal, Sexual and Psychological Management. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.175-181.

ABSTRACT

Transgender women have a significantly (46.7 times) higher risk of breast cancer compared to cisgender men. However, compared to cisgender women, the risk is lower (0.3 times). Most breast cancers diagnosed are hormone positive and have similar characteristics to cisgender women. 86% of transgender women receive gender-affirming hormone therapy. Although breast cancer starts earlier in transgender women than in cisgender women, 60% of transgender people are unaware of breast cancer screening. However, there are no agreed-upon evidence-based breast cancer screening guidelines to reduce breast cancer.

Keywords: Transgender woman; Breast canser risk; Gender-affirming hormone therapy; Breast cancer screening; Screening guideline

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