CHILDHOOD MASTOCYTOSIS NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

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CHILDHOOD MASTOCYTOSIS AND VACCINATION

Mehmet Şirin Kaya

Şanlıurfa Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye

Kaya MŞ. Childhood Mastocytosis and Vaccination. In: Özdemir Ö, editor. Childhood Mastocytosis: New Developments in Diagnosis and Treatment. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.227-234.

ABSTRACT

Children diagnosed with mastocytosis may experience severe clinical symptoms, including anaphy- laxis, as a result of mast cell triggering. Vaccination is considered an important mast cell trigger in childhood mastocytosis. Some substances found in some vaccines, such as dextran, gelatin, and polymyxin B, may be possible mast cell triggers. The frequency of adverse reactions to vaccines in patients with mastocytosis is similar to or slightly higher than in healthy children without masto- cytosis. Vaccine-related reactions are usually local and mild. Unexpected reactions such as wide- spread bullous lesions, urticaria, and anaphylaxis may rarely occur after vaccination. In children with mastocytosis, a prior history of anaphylaxis unrelated to vaccination does not necessarily increase the risk of vaccine-related anaphylaxis. Subsequent vaccine doses should be cautiously administered in children with a history of vaccine-related anaphylaxis. To minimize the risk of adverse reactions, the use of hexavalent vaccines-which combine six antigens-should be avoided when possible in favor of administering single-antigen vaccines separately. Children with mastocytosis should be observed in the hospital for 2 hours after vaccination. Patients and parents should be informed about possible reactions after vaccination and the use of auto-injector when necessary. Potential mast cell-mediated risks can be minimized with correct precautions before vaccination, pre-medication, application in experienced centers, and careful monitoring. Thus, children can be prevented from falling behind in routine vaccination programs.

Keywords: Child; Mastocytosis; Vaccination; Anaphylaxis; Pre-medication

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