MOLAR INCISOR HYPOMINERALIZATION

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Clinical Appearance, Diagnosis, and Current Classification

Beyza BALLI AKGÖLa , Emine ŞEN TUNÇa
aAntalya Bilim University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Antalya, Türkiye

Ballı Akgöl B, Şen Tunç E. Clinical appearance, diagnosis, and current classification. In: Şen Tunç E, ed. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.8-13.

ABSTRACT
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative defect of the enamel that leads to discoloration and substance loss of the affected teeth, particularly the first permanent molars and incisors. Hypomineralization is observed during the maturation phase of tooth development, specifically during amelogenesis, and typically affects one or more permanent first molars, often involving the incisors. To diagnose MIH, at least one first permanent molar must be affected. Diagnosing MIH requires a careful and systematic evaluation, and tooth surfaces should be wet during the clinical examination. Different indexes have been used to classify the MIH to date. The severity of MIH is determined by the size of the lesion, the degree of hypomineralisation, and its extent. A comprehensive understanding of MIH’s clinical presentation and classification is essential for guiding evidence-based preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: Children; molar incisor hypomineralization; pediatric dentistry

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