Çocuklarda Ağız Biyokimyası

oral-biyokimya

Ece Şengün, Fahinur Ertuğrul

Diş sürme süreci, karmaşık biyolojik ve biyokimyasal olaylar dizisini içerir ve bu süreçte birçok teorinin varlığı, sürmenin tam olarak nasıl gerçekleştiğinin hâlâ tamamen anlaşılamamış olmasını yansıtır. Ayrıca diş gelişimi sırasında ortaya çıkan bozukluklar, çocuğun genel sağlığını ve yaşam kalitesini etkileyebilir. Bu bölüm, çocuklarda diş sürme teorileri, diş yapısındaki bozukluklar ve erişkinlerle çocuklar arasındaki ağız sağlığı ve hastalıklarının gelişiminde önemli rol oynayan tükürük ve oral mikroflora farklılıklarını ele alır. Çocukluk ve erişkinlik dönemleri arasındaki tükürük ve oral yapılardaki biyokimyasal farklılıkların anlaşılması, bu dönemlerde görülen oral hastalıkların tanımlanması, önlenmesi ve tedavisine önemli katkılar sağlayabilir. Bu bölüm, bu konuları bilimsel bir yaklaşımla ele alarak çocukluk dönemindeki diş gelişimi konularında kapsamlı bir bakış sunar.

Referanslar

  1. Aruna, S., Meenakshi, B., Rama, K. V., & Valarmathi, S. (2020). Salivary levels of calcium and phosphorus in children with and without early childhood caries: A pilot study. SRM Journal of Research in Dental Sciences, 11(2), 72.
  2. Belibasakis GN (2018) Microbiological changes of the ageing oral cavity. Archives of Oral Biology, 96, 230–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.10.001.
  3. Ben-Aryeh, H., Fisher, M., Szargel, R., & Laufer, D. (1990). Composition of whole unstimulated saliva of healthy children: changes with age. Archives of Oral biology, 35(11), 929-931.
  4. Berkovitz BK, Migdalski A & Solomon M (1972) The effect of the lathyritic agent aminoacetonitrile on the unimpeded eruption rate in normal and root-resected rat lower incisors. Arch Oral Biol, 17(12), 1755-1763.
  5. Berkovitz BKB, Holland BScGR &  Moxham BJ (2009) Oral Anatomy, Histology and Embryology. Mosby Elsevier.
  6. Cheek CC, Paterson RL & Proffit WR (2002) Response of erupting human second premolars to blood flow changes. Archives of Oral Biology, 47(12), 851-858.
  7. Chhabra N, Goswami M & Chhabra A (2014) Genetic basis of dental agenesis--molecular genetics patterning clinical dentistry. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 19(2), 112–119.
  8. Choukroune C (2017) Tooth eruption disorders associated with systemic and genetic diseases: clinical guide. Journal of Dentofacial Anomalies and Orthodontics, 20(4), 402.
  9. Çelen R & Taş Arslan F (2018) Bebeklerde diş çıkarma süreci ve bu süreçte karşılaşılan sorunlara yönelik uygulamalar. Güncel Pediatr, 16(2), 181-186.
  10. Dental Growth and Development (2017) Pediatric dentistry, 39(6), 456. Erişim adresi: https://www.aapd.org/globalassets/media/policies_guidelines/r_dentalgrowth.pdf
  11. Duruk G, Gurbuz T & Aksoy H (2020) Effect of Interproximal Caries in Primary Molars on Clinical Parameters and Levels of Some Biochemical Markers in Gingival Crevicular Fluid. J Interferon Cytokine Res, 40(2), 75-81. doi: 10.1089/jir.2019.0072.
  12. Foxman B, Srinivasan U, Wen A, Zhang L, Marrs CF, Goldberg D, Weyant R, McNeil D, Crout R, & Marazita M (2014) Exploring the effect of dentition, dental decay and familiality on oral health using metabolomics. Infection, Genetics and Evolution: Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases, 22, 201–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2013.09.020.
  13. Frazier-Bowers SA & Rhoads SG (2010) Primary tooth resorption and its role in the normal tooth eruption process. Endodontic Topics, 23, 73-78.doi:10.1111/etp.12001.
  14. Goldberg M (2022) The mechanisms of tooth eruption. Journal of Dental Health, Oral Disorders & Therapy, 13(4), 115119.
  15. Guyton AC & Hall JE (2006) Tıbbi fizyoloji (Çev. H. Çavuşoğlu, B. Çağlayan Yeğen, Z. Aydın ve İ. Alican). İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi. (Orijinal yayın tarihi, 2006).
  16. Haubek, D., Koch, G., Espelid, I. & Poulsen, S. (2023). Çocuk Diş Hekimliği Klinik Yaklaşım (Çev. Y. Kası-moğlu ve G. Aren). Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  17. Hendrik YC, Langit KS & Auerkari EI (2021) The Genetic, Epigenetic, and Environmental Factors of Dental Abnormalities Development: Literature Review. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1943 012084. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1943/1/012084.
  18. Kalk WW, Batenburg RH & Vissink A (1998) Dentin dysplasia type I: five cases within one family. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 86(2), 175-178. doi:10.1016/s1079-2104(98)90121-4.
  19. Levine M (2011) Topics in Dental Biochemistry. Berlin: Springer.
  20. Logan WHG & Kronfeld R (1933) Development of the human jaws and surrounding structures from birth to the age of fifteen years. J Am Dent Assoc. 20(3), 379-427. Manman N (2019) Textbook of Pediatric Dentistry. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers: New Delhi, India.
  21. Marks JrSC & Schroeder HE (1996) Tooth eruption: theories and facts. The Anatomical Record, 245(2), 374–393.
  22. Marya A, Rokaya D, Heboyan A & Fernandes GVO (2022) Biomolecular and Biochemical Aspects of the Oral Cavity. Molecules, 27(24), 8676.
  23. McDonald RE, David A & Dean J (2005) Eruption of the teeth: Local, systemic and congenital factors that influence the process. Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent, 8, 155-176. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-05724-0.50013-8.
  24. Memarpour M, Soltanimehr E & Eskandarian T (2015) Signs and symptoms associated with primary tooth eruption: A clinical trial of nonpharmacological remedies. BMC Oral Health, 15, 88. doi: 10.1186/s12903-015-0070-2.
  25. Morsczeck C (2022) Mechanisms during Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Dental Follicle Cells. Int. J Mol Sci, 23(11), 5945.
  26. Nanci A (2007) Ten Cate’s oral histology-development, structure, and function. Canada: Elsevier.
  27. Nirmala SV, Sivakumar N & Usha K (2009) Dentin dysplasia type I with pyogenic granuloma in a 12-year-old girl. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent, 27(2), 131-134. doi:10.4103/0970-4388.55343.
  28. Paulsen HU, Shi XQ, Welander U, Huggare J & Scheutz F (2001) Eruption pattern of autotransplanted premo-lars visualized by radiographic color-coding. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 119(4), 338-345. doi:10.1067/mod.2001.114686.
  29. Pappa, E., Kousvelari, E., & Vastardis, H. (2019). Saliva in the “Omics” era: A promising tool in paediatrics. Oral Diseases, 25(1), 16-25.
  30. Pinkham JR, Casamassimo PS, Mc Tigue DJ, Fields HW & Nowak AJ (2009) Çocuk Diş Hekimliği Bebeklik-ten Ergenliğe (Çev. Tortop, T. Ve Tulunoğlu, Ö.). Ankara: Atlas Kitapçılık. (Orjinal yayın tarihi, 1988).
  31. Quritum SM, Ali AM, Raouf MM, Omar TEI & Dowidar KML (2022) Evaluation of salivary parameters and Streptococcus mutans count in children with cerebral palsy in Egypt: a case control study. BMC Oral Health, 22(1), 411.
  32. Ramos-Jorge J, Pordeus IA, Ramos-Jorge ML & Paiva SM (2011) Prospective longitudinal study of signs and symptoms associated with primary tooth eruption. Pediatrics, 128(3), 471–476.
  33. Sai Charan K, Sangeetha R, Santana N, Priya G, Kumari M, Murali P & Gayathri V (2022) The tooth eruption and its abnormalities - A narrative review. SRM Journal of Research in Dental Sciences, 13(3), 109-114.
  34. Sonesson, M., Ericson, D., Kinnby, B., & Wickström, C. (2011). Glycoprotein 340 and sialic acid in minor-gland and whole saliva of children, adolescents, and adults. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 119(6), 435-440.
  35. Sonesson, M., Hamberg, K., Wallengren, M. L. L., Matsson, L., & Ericson, D. (2011). Salivary IgA in mi-nor-gland saliva of children, adolescents, and young adults. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 119(1), 15-20.
  36. Sonesson, M., Wickström, C., Kinnby, B., Ericson, D., & Matsson, L. (2008). Mucins MUC5B and MUC7 in minor salivary gland secretion of children and adults. Archives of Oral Biology, 53(6), 523-527.
  37. Tabak LA (2006) In defense of the oral cavity: the protective role of the salivary secretions. Pediatr Dent, 28(2), 110-7. PMID: 16708785.
  38. Traver C, Miralles L & Barcia JM (2022) Association between Molecular Mechanisms and Tooth Eruption in Children with Obesity. Children, 9(8), 1209.
  39. Tulunoglu, Ö., Demirtas, S., & Tulunoglu, I. (2006). Total antioxidant levels of saliva in children related to caries, age, and gender. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 16(3), 186-191.
  40. Vacaru RP, Didilescu AC, Constantinescu I, Mărunțelu I, Tănase M, Stanciu IA, Kaman WE & Brand HS (2022) Salivary Enzymatic Activity and Carious Experience in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. Children, 9(3), 343.
  41. Wise G & King G (2008) Mechanisms of tooth eruption and orthodontic tooth movement. Journal of Dental Research, 87(5), 414-434.
  42. Wise GE, Frazier-Bowers S & D’Souza RN (2002) Cellular, molecular and genetic determinants of tooth erup-tion. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 13(4), 323-334. doi:10.1177/154411130201300403.
  43. Xin Y, Zhao N & Wang Y (2022) Multiple roles of Runt-related transcription factor-2 in tooth eruption: bone formation and resorption. Archives of Oral Biology, 141, 105484.
  44. Yılmaz T. (2012). Ağız ve Diş Biyokimyası. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  45. Zeng L, He H, Sun M, Gong X, Zhou M, Hong Y, Wu Y, Chen X, Chen Q (2022) Runx2 and Nell-1 in dental follicle progenitor cells regulate bone remodeling and tooth eruption. Stem Cell Res Ther, 13(1): 486.
  46. Zhang J, Liao L, Li Y, Xu Y, Guo W, Tian W & Zou S (2019) Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (1-34) promotes tooth eruption and inhibits osteogenesis of dental follicle cells during tooth development. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 234(7), 11900–11911.