A GUIDE TO HEALTHY PREGNANCY MANAGING AILMENTS AND FINDING SOLUTIONS

A_Guide_to_Healthy_Pregnancy

COMMON DISORDERS EXPERIENCEDBYMOMS-TO-BE

Sumru Tüfekçioğlu

Kızıltepe Public Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Mardin, Türkiye

Tüfekçioğlu S. Common Disorders Experienced by Moms-to-Be. Çetin A, ed. A Guide To Healthy Pregnancy: Managing Ailments and Finding Solutions. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.3-14.

ABSTRACT

There are many disorders in current medical literature that are frequently seen in pregnant patients. These conditions can roughly be classified under two titles: those specific to pregnancy and some non-pregnancy related medical conditions that can be seen frequently in a pregnant patient. An exam- ple for the former title is gestational diabetes that is a diagnosis specific to pregnancy as a condition; and an example for the latter could be hypothyroidism which is certainly not specific to pregnant patients but is a common disorder seen in pregnancy nonetheless.

The endeavor to navigate a patient safely through pregnancy is a struggle. There are many conditions in every trimester that can threaten the safety of the mother or the fetus. Another way to simplify the clas- sification of such disorders is to stratify according to which trimester the condition is most commonly seen. The primary aim of this chapter will be to summarize common disorders that affect pregnant women, accentuate whether the condition is pregnancy-specific and then classify it according to which trimester it affects. Prevalences worldwide and specific to Turkey are noted accordingly.

Keywords: Pregnancy; Hypertension; Hyperemesis gravidarum; Hypothyroidism; Gestational diabetes

Referanslar

  1. Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, O'Connor JF, et al. Incidence of early loss of pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1988;319(4):189-194. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  2. Alijotas-Reig J, Garrido-Gimenez C. Current concepts and new trends in the diagnosis and management of recurrent miscarriage. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2013;68(6):445-466. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  3. Matthews A, Dowswell T, Doyle M, O'Mathúna D. Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. SaoPauloMedJ.2011;129:55-55. [Crossref]  [PMC]
  4. Jennings LK, Mahdy H. Hyperemesis Gravidarum. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Accessed December 15, 2024. [Link]
  5. Update on the diagnosis and management of gestational trophoblastic disease - Ngan - 2018 - International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics - Wiley Online Library. Accessed December 15, 2024. [Link]
  6. Smith HO. Gestational trophoblastic disease epidemiology and trends. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2003;46(3):541-556. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  7. Soper JT. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. Obstet Gynecol. 2021;137(2):355-370. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  8. Blencowe H, Cousens S, Chou D, et al. Born Too Soon: The global epidemiology of 15 million preterm births. ReprodHealth.2013;10(1):S2. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  9. Jaan A, Rajnik M. TORCH Complex. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Accessed December 15, 2024. [Link]
  10. Solheim KN, Esakoff TF, Little SE, Cheng YW, Sparks TN, Caughey AB. The effect of cesarean delivery rates on the future incidence of placenta previa, placenta accreta, and maternal mortality. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2011;24(11):1341-1346. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  11. Palacios Jaraquemada JM, Pesaresi M, Nassif JC, Hermosid S. Anterior placenta percreta: surgical approach, hemostasis and uterine repair. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2004;83(8):738-744. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  12. Mammaro A, Carrara S, Cavaliere A, et al. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. J Prenat Med. 2009;3(1):1-5. [PMC]
  13. Sibai BM. Diagnosis, controversies, and management of the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;103(5 Pt 1):981-991. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  14. Tesfa E, Munshea A, Nibret E, Gizaw ST. Association of maternal serum magnesium with pre-eclampsia in African pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Health. 2024;16(1):14-22. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  15. Hagenbeck C, Hamza A, Kehl S, et al. Management of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: Recommendations of the Working Group on Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine- Section on Maternal Disorders. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2021;81(8):922-939. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  16. Pusl T, Beuerus U. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy--a heterogeneous group of pregnancy-related disorders? Hepatol Baltim Md. 2006;43(4):647-649.. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  17. Walker KF, Chappell LC, Hague WM, Middleton P, Thornton JG. Pharmacological interventions for treating intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;2020(7):CD000493. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  18. Mallah KOE, Narchi H, Kulaylat NA, Shaban MS. Gestational and pre-gestational diabetes: Comparison of maternal and fetal characteristics and outcome. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 1997;58(2):203-209. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  19. Fong A, Serra A, Herrero T, Pan D, Ogunyemi D. Pre-gestational versus gestational diabetes: a population based study on clinical and demographic differences. J Diabetes Complications. 2014;28(1):29-34. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  20. Turkey diabetes report 2000 -2045. Accessed December 15, 2024. [Link]
  21. Georgieff MK. Iron Deficiency in Pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;223(4):516-524. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  22. Doguer C, Ha JH, Collins JF. Intersection of Iron and Copper Metabolism in the Mammalian Intestine and Liver. Compr Physiol. 2018;8(4):1433-1461. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  23. Gürsoy V, Özkalemkaş F. Gebelikte Anemi. Turk Klin Intern Med - Spec Top. 2022;2(3):34-41. [Link]
  24. Mamme NY, Roba HS, Fite MB, et al. Serum folate deficiency and associated factors among pregnant women in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia: a community-based study. BMJ Open. 2023;13(5):e068076. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  25. Alper Gürz A, Artıran F, Dikici MF. D Vitamininin Fetal ve Maternal Etkileri - Konuralp Tıp Derg. 2015. [Link]
  26. Singh S, Sandhu S. Thyroid Disease and Pregnancy. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; July 17, 2023. [Link]
  27. Demir N. Gebelikte Tiroid Hastalıklarının Tanı ve Yönetim Kılavuzu. [Link]
  28. Güleç A, Sevil D. Gebelik İntrahepatik Kolestazi ve Hemşirelik Baki [Link]
  29. Kurien G, Carlson K, Badri T. Dermatoses of Pregnancy. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Accessed December 15, 2024. [Link]
  30. White J, Ory J, Lantz Powers AG, Ordon M, Kroft J, Cox A. Urological issues in pregnancy: A review for urologists. Can Urol Assoc J. 2020;14(10):352-357. [Link]
  31. İnci M, İnci M, Davarci M. Urinary Tract Infections and Treatments in Pregnancy. Türk Ürol Semin Urol Semin. 2011;2(5):124-126. [Link]
  32. Kaya Odabaş R Taşpinar A. Gebelikte Konstipasyon Görülme Durumu ve Yaşam Kalitesi İle İlişkisi J Anatolia Nurs Health Sci. Published online June 30, 2020:249-256. [Link]
  33. Trottier M, Erebara A, Bozzo P. Treating constipation during pregnancy. Can Fam Physician. 2012;58(8):836-838. [Link]
  34. Dunkel Schetter C, Tanner L. Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2012;25(2):141-148. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]