UROGYNECOLOGICAL SURGERY CURRENT APPROACHES AND TREATMENTS FOR INCONTINENCE

Urogynecological_Surgery_Kapak

CURRENT RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES

Mesut Ali Halisçelik1 Cengiz Şanlı2

1Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Diyarbakır, Türkiye
2University of Health Sciences, Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Health Practice and Research Center, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Elazığ, Türkiye

Halisçelik MA, Şanlı C. Current Research and Evidence-Based Practices. In: Balsak D, Çim N, Ege S editors. Urogynecological Surgery Current Approaches and Treatments for Incontinence. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.347-358.

ABSTRACT

To maintain a state of well-being, a proper diet, lifestyle, and health prevention have received increased emphasis in recent years. As physicians, we have seen firsthand how humiliating it is for patients to report common health issues such as pelvic organ prolapse or overactive bladder (OAB)/incontinence. Even though pelvic organ prolapse and excessive bladder incontinence are common ageing-related side effects, the importance of the field of uro-gynaecology should not be understated. To describe this particular subject that deals with pathological diseases affecting the female lower urinary system, the term “urogynecology” is a syncretic neologism between the words “urology” and “gynaecology.” Uro-genital prolapses, overactive bladder incontinence, and recurrent and relapsed cystitis are common dysfunctions that impair women’s quality of life, particularly as they age. Thanks to minimally invasive surgical access, which is characterised by a very short hospitalisation time and maximum patient satisfaction, the remarkable advancements made over the past 20 years in pathophysiology research and the creation of innovative surgical techniques have led to an improved treatment rate. Additionally, urogynecology has been gradually and suitably integrated with proctology and physiotherapy to guarantee the multispecialist team’s optimal clinical diagnosis and gold standard of care. According to worldwide classifications, such as the POP-Q system, uro-gynaecology should be based on a comprehensive diagnosis of pelvic-perineal dysfunctions and associated imaging modalities. Patient satisfaction has increased as a result of the identification of the socalled “posterior compartment,” which was previously regarded as a questionable field but is now included in this new multidisciplinary paradigm. On the other hand, urogenital prolapse can be surgically treated vaginally or, if available locally, with robotic surgery or traditional laparoscopy. When urogenital prolapse is linked to apical compartment prolapse, the latter method is particularly recommended. Despite this, the benefit of key-hole surgery is that patients typically only need to stay in the hospital for two or three days. For the treatment of overactive bladder incontinence, we must remember the value of behavioural and rehabilitative therapy, as well as the use of oral drugs and intravesical therapies like injections of Botulinum toxin. The time has come for urogynecology to be recognised as an emerging multidisciplinary field of application, as was previously mentioned. To facilitate data sharing and the release of standardised recommendations and guidelines, experts from around the world should be convened to establish an international forum of experts.

Keywords: Urogynecology; Robotic surgery; Stem cell treatment; Artificial intelligence; V-NOTES

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