Current Status in the Treatment of Pediatric HIV Infection

Neslihan METE ATASEVERa , Selda HANÇERLİ TÖRÜNa

aİstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, İstanbul, Türkiye

ABSTRACT

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus from the Lentivirinae subfamily that causes chronic disease characterized by AIDS (acquired-immunodeficiency syndrome) with opportunistic infections due to suppression of the immune system. Today, the chronic progression of the disease is prevented by suppressing the virus with antiretroviral treatment, but the virus cannot be completely eliminated. It is generally based on recommendations of the Panel on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of Children Living with HIV, based on pediatric and adult clinical trial data published in peer-reviewed journals and data prepared for the US Food and Drug Administration. An antiretroviral treatment regimen for children usually consists of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and either an integrase strand transfer inhibitor or a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or a boosted protease inhibitor. Selecting the regimen should be individualized based on the patient’s age, weight, comorbidities, medication compliance, and drug resistance test results, including the characteristics of the recommended regimen.

Keywords: HIV; anti-retroviral agents; disease management

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