DIGITAL DESIGN OF PROSTHETICS RESTORATIONS

Büşra Tosun

Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Bolu, Türkiye

Tosun B. Digital Design of Prosthetics Restorations. In: Kul E, editor. Perspectives on Digital Dentistry. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.179188.

ABSTRACT

Digital technologies have radically transformed restoration design processes in dentistry, enabling more precise, aesthetic and functional results. In particular, computeraided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems, supported by digital measurement and threedimensional (3D) scanning tech nologies, offer significant convenience in clinical and laboratory processes. CAD software provides the necessary parameters to achieve optimal results in the marginal fit and internal design of restorations and guides the user through the design process. These possibilities offered by digital design tools make it possible for restorations to improve patient comfort and save time. Innovative technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (vR) and artificial intelligence (AI) enable new approaches to restoration design and make the design process more predictable. Digital technologies, which have a wide range of applications from maxillofacial prostheses to fixed prostheses, enable the design of res torations suitable for patient anatomy with less traumatic procedures. However, leveraging the advan tages offered by these technologies depends on the practitioner’s digital skills and ability to accurately manage software parameters. In conclusion, digital technologies enable dental practices to achieve quality results both aesthetically and functionally. However, the clinical success of technological in novations must be balanced with the human factor and supported by the knowledge of practitioners.

Keywords: Dentistry; Digital technology; ComputerAided design; Prosthesis design; Computer software

Referanslar

  1. De Mendonça AF, Furtado de Mendonça M, White GS, Sara G, Littlefair D. Total CAD/CAM supported method for manufacturing removable complete dentures. Case Rep Dent. 2016;2016(1):1259581. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  2. Tamimi F HH. Digital restorative dentistry: A guide to materials, equipment, and clinical procedures. AG: Springer Nature; 2019. [Crossref]
  3. Berger JC, Driscoll CF, Romberg E, Luo Q, Thompson G. Surface roughness of denture base acrylic resins after processing and after polishing. J Prosthodont. 2006;15(3):180-186. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  4. Bilgin MS, Baytaroğlu EN, Erdem A, Dilber E. A review of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture techniques for removable denture fabrication. Eur J Dent. 2016;10(02):286-291. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  5. Karaalioğlu O, Yeşil Duymuş Z. Dental computer aided designcomputer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems. J Dent Fac Ataturk Uni. 2008;18(1):25-32. [Link]
  6. Liu P-R. A panorama of dental CAD/CAM restorative systems. Compend. 2005;26(7):507-513. [Link]
  7. Moörmann WH. The evolution of the CEREC system. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137:7S-13S. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  8. Heffernan MJ, Aquilino SA, Diaz-Arnold AM, Haselton DR, Stanford CM, Vargas MA. Relative translucency of six all-ceramic systems. Part II: core and veneer materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2002;88(1):10-15. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  9. Büyükpolat M, Aydın N. CAD/CAM sistemleri. Toksoy Topçu F, editör. Diş Hekimliğinde Dijital Uygulamalar.1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri. 2024:37-43. [Link]
  10. Mehl A, Gloger W, Kunzelmann K-H, Hickel R. A new optical 3-D device for the detection of wear. J Dent Res. 1997;76(11):1799-1807. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  11. Webber B, McDonald A, Knowles J. An in vitro study of the compressive load at fracture of Procera AllCeram crowns with varying thickness of veneer porcelain. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;89(2):154-160. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  12. Reiss B. Cerec standard 3-D occlusal contouring in comparison with the new biogeneric occlusal morphing: a case report. Int J Comput Dent. 2007;10(1):69-75. [PubMed]
  13. Beuer F, Schweiger J, Edelhoff D. Digital dentistry: an overview of recent developments for CAD/CAM generated restorations. Br Dent J. 2008;204(9):505-511. sj.bdj.2008.350 [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  14. Davidowitz G, Kotick PG. The use of CAD/CAM in dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2011;55(3):559-ix. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  15. Çelik G, Sarı T, Üşümez A. Bilgisayar destekli diş hekimliği ve güncel CAD/CAM sistemleri. Cumhuriyet Dent J. 2013;16(1):74-82. [Crossref]
  16. Palin W, Burke FT. Trends in indirect dentistry:8. CAD/ CAM technology. Dent Update. 2005;32(10):566-572. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  17. Christensen GJ. Computerized restorative dentistry: state of the art. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001;132(9):1301-1303. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  18. Strub JR, Rekow ED, Witkowski S. Computer-aided design and fabrication of dental restorations: current systems and future possibilities. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137(9):1289-1296. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  19. Williams R, Bibb R, Eggbeer D, Collis J. Use of CAD/ CAM technology to fabricate a removable partial denture framework. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;96(2):96-99. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  20. Choi SK, Driscoll CF, Kempler J, Masri R. Clinical applications of digital dental technology in implant prosthodontics. Clin Appl Digit Dent Technol. 2023:240-255. [Crossref]
  21. Ramiro GP, Hassan B, Navarro AF, Coronel CA, Cortes ARG, Baptista OHP, et al. Digitalization in restorative dentistry. 1st ed. Switzerland, AG: Springer Nature; 2019:7-39. [Crossref]
  22. Alghazzawi TF. Advancements in CAD/CAM technology: Options for practical implementation. J Prosthodont Res. 2016;60(2):72-84. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  23. Çamırcı BN, Bilgeç E. CAD/CAM tasarım programları. Toksoy Topçu F, editör. Diş Hekimliğinde Dijital Uygulamalar. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2024:44-8. [Link]
  24. Alhallak K, Hagi-Pavli E, Nankali A. A review on clinical use of CAD/CAM and 3D printed dentures. Br Dent J. 2023:1-5. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  25. Mörmann WH, Bindl A. All-ceramic, chair-side computeraided design/computer-aided machining restorations. Dent Clin. 2002;46(2):405-426. S0011-8532(01)00007-6 [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  26. Giordano R. Materials for chairside CAD/CAM-produced restorations. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137:14S-21S. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  27. Martins LM, Lorenzoni FC, Melo AOd, Silva LMd, Oliveira JLd, Oliveira PCGd, et al. Internal fit of two all-ceramic systems and metal-ceramic crowns. J Appl Oral Sci. 2012;20:235-240. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  28. Ender A, Mörmann WH, Mehl A. Efficiency of a mathematical model in generating CAD/CAM-partial crowns with natural tooth morphology. Clin Oral Investig. 2011;15:283-289. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  29. Reiz SD, Neugebauer J, Karapetian V-E, Ritter L. Cerec meets Galileos--integrated implantology for completely virtual implant planning. Int J Comput Dent. 2014;17(2):145-157. [PubMed]
  30. Mrugalska B, Dovramadjiev T, Pavlova D, Filchev R, Stoeva M, Bozhikova V, et al. Open source systems and 3D computer design applicable in the dental medical engineering Industry 4.0-sustainable concept. Procedia Manuf. 2021;54:296-301. [Crossref]
  31. Mehl A, Blanz V, Hickel R. Biogeneric tooth: a new mathematical representation for tooth morphology in lower first molars. Eur J Oral Sci. 2005;113(4):333-340. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  32. Mehl A, Blanz V. New procedure for fully automatic occlusal surface reconstruction by means of a biogeneric tooth model. Int J Comput Dent. 2005;8(1):13-25. [PubMed]
  33. Dunn M. Biogeneric and user-friendly: the Cerec 3D software upgrade V3. 00. Int J Comput Dent. 2007;10(1):109-117. [PubMed]
  34. Janiesch C, Zschech P, Heinrich K. Machine learning and deep learning. Electron Mark. 2021;31(3):685-695. [Crossref]
  35. Kaur C. The cloud computing and internet of things (IoT). Int J Adv Res Sci Eng Technol. 2020;7(1):19-22. [Crossref]
  36. Fujita H. AI-based computer-aided diagnosis (AI-CAD): the latest review to read first. Radiol Phys Technol. 2020;13(1):6-19. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  37. Mellit A, Kalogirou SA. Artificial intelligence techniques for photovoltaic applications: A review. Prog Energy Combust Sci. 2008;34(5):574-632. [Crossref]
  38. Hunde BR, Woldeyohannes AD. Future prospects of computeraided design (CAD)-A review from the perspective of artificial intelligence (AI), extended reality, and 3D printing. Results Eng. 2022;14:100478. [Crossref]
  39. Fabra Rivera A, Magalhães FdC, Moreno A, Campos Rubio J. Assessment of the highest stress concentration area generated on the mandibular structure using meshless finite elements analysis. Bioeng. 2020;7(4):142. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  40. Darragh M, Jenaban MR, Chong PL, Habibi H. Finite Element Study of Combined Thermal-Wind Loading Effects on Rainscreen Facade System. J Eng Technol Adv. 2021;6(2):13-30. [Crossref]
  41. Fleischmann C, Leher I, Hartwich R, Hainke M, Sesselmann S. A new approach to quickly edit geometries and estimate stresses and displacements of implants in real-time. Curr Dir Biomed Eng. 2019;5(1):553-556. [Crossref]
  42. Schulz A, Xu J, Zhu B, Zheng C, Grinspun E, Matusik W. Interactive design space exploration and optimization for CAD models. ACM Trans Graph. (TOG). 2017;36(4):1-14. [Crossref]
  43. Russell S, Norvig P. Artificial intelligence: a modern approach. 4 th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Pearson; 2020. [Link]
  44. Fazal MI, Patel ME, Tye J, Gupta Y. The past, present and future role of artificial intelligence in imaging. Eur J Radiol. 2018;105:246-250. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  45. Zha XF. Artificial intelligence and integrated intelligent systems in product design and development. Intell Knowl Based Syst Bus Technol. Springer; 2005:1067-1123. [Crossref]
  46. Cruz RL, Ross MT, Powell SK, Woodruff MA. Advancements in soft-tissue prosthetics part A: the art of imitating life. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020;8:121. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  47. Marro A, Bandukwala T, Mak W. Three-dimensional printing and medical imaging: a review of the methods and applications. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2016;45(1):2-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  48. Ciocca L, Mingucci R, Gassino G, Scotti R. CAD/CAM ear model and virtual construction of the mold. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;98(5):339-343. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  49. Cristache CM, Tudor I, Moraru L, Cristache G, Lanza A, Burlibasa M. Digital workflow in maxillofacial prosthodontics- an update on defect data acquisition, editing and design using open-source and commercial available software. Appl Sci. 2021;11(3):973. [Crossref]
  50. Unkovskiy A, Wahl E, Huettig F, Keutel C, Spintzyk S. Multimaterial 3D printing of a definitive silicone auricular prosthesis: An improved technique. J Prosthet Dent. 2021;125(6):946-950. [Crossref]  [PubMed]