Effects of Inflammation on Drug Metabolism and Pharmacogenetic Factors

biyomedikalozel5-1-24kapak

İlter DEĞERa , Elif BABAOĞLUb , Melih Ö. BABAOĞLUa
aHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara, Türkiye
bHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara, Türkiye

Değer İ, Babaoğlu E, Babaoğlu MÖ. Effects of inflammation on drug metabolism and pharmacogenetic factors. In: Koçdor H, Pabuççuoğlu A, Zihnioğlu F, eds. Inflammation and in vitro Diagnostics. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2024. p.80-8.

Article Language: EN

ABSTRACT
Variability in drug metabolism can alter drug response and toxicity in human. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play the most prominent role in drug metabolism and their activities are regulated by various mechanisms. The activities of drug metabolizing enzymes can be altered by genetic or nongenetic factors. Inflammation and chronic inflammatory diseases have been identified as important nongenetic factors regulating drug-metabolizing enzymes. Such effects have been associated with inhibition of CYP activity and expression due to the systemic cytokines. Increase in inflammatory markers such as CRP, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in COVID-19 infection has also been associated with decrease in activities of some CYP enzymes. Both inflammation and genetic variability may interact to alter drug response and may cause a mismatch between the predicted drug response and the actual phenotype. The phenomenon is called phenoconversion.

Keywords: Cytochrome P-450 enzyme system; genetic polymorphism; inflammation; metabolism; pharmacogenetics

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