HARD DECISIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Intensivecareunitkapak

EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION

Çilem Bayındır Dicle

Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Intensive Care, Ankara, Türkiye

Bayındır Dicle Ç. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. In: Turan S, editor. Hard Decisions in Intensive Care Unit. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.3-10.

ABSTRACT

Patients with respiratory insufficiency who don’t respond to conventional protective lung ventilation treatments can be supported with Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) procedure. Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) is the most commonly used configuration. In this configuration. The ECMO procedure involves using a pump to circulate blood taken from the patient through cannulas, oxygenators, and back to the patient through cannulas. This process ensures the delivery of oxygenated and carbon dioxide-extracted blood to the patient. In cases of refractory hypoxemia or right ventricular failure, some patients may benefit from venopulmonary (V-P) ECMO or veno arterial (V-A) ECMO. The selection of appropriate patients and effective management of the extracorporeal circuit are crucial to achieving better outcomes. Early detected problems can be managed appropriately with daily visits during ECMO treatment.

Keywords: Troubleshooting; V-V ECMO; Circuit management; Respiratory insufficiency; Acute respiratory distress syndrome

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