Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Pınar ÖNALa , Deniz AYGÜNa

aİstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, İstanbul, Türkiye

ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a leading killer among the infectious diseases caused by a single infectious agent worldwide. Childhood TB is an important epidemiological consequence of the presence of TB in a community but unfortunately the exact burden is usually unknown because many of the cases are not diagnosed or reported. Tuberculosis bacilli is primarily considered to cause disease in the lung but the organism can seed and involve almost all tissues and organs without differentiation. Extrapulmonary involvement is more common in children compared to adults because of higher lymphohematogenous spread. However, the global impact of pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) remains unknown due to limitations in pediatric TB detection and as a consequence of the nonspecific clinical presentation. Lymph node and central nervous system tuberculosis are the most commonly observed extrapulmonary TB in children.
Keywords: Tuberculosis; lymph node; central nervous system; miliary

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