Facial Reanimation with Regional Functional Muscle Transfer: Perioral Reanimation with Temporal Muscle Transfer

norosirurjiozel12-1-22kapak

Orhan ÖZTURANa
aBezmiâlem Vakıf University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, İstanbul,Türkiye

Özturan O. Facial reanimation with regional functional muscle transfer: Perioral reanimation with temporal muscle transfer. In: Sanus GZ, Batıoğlu Karaaltın A, eds. Surgical Management of Facial Nerve Paralysis. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2022. p.205-13.

Article Language: EN

ABSTRACT
Long standing facial paralysis requires treatment due to functional, psychological and aesthetical problems. Various reanimation techniques were defined in order to regain facial nerve functions according to the cause, type, location of pathology and duration of paralysis. Length of facial nerve paralysis is a fundamental guide for the choice of treatment method. Facial muscles atrophy when the duration of paralysis exceeds two years where reinnervation techniques do not work. At this stage dynamic facial reanimation methods can be performed. Primary goals of facial paralysis reanimation are achieving symmetry at rest and providing dynamic facial movements. For patients with longstanding facial paralysis who are not candidates for reinnervation or nerve transfer procedures, temporal tendon transfer or free muscle flaps can be performed. Temporal tendon transfer is a single-stage, minimally invasive, straightforward reanimation method providing volutional dynamic smile movement. Diligent postoperative facial physiotherapy is required for pleasing results.

Keywords: Facial paralysis; peripheral; facial nerve motor disorders; surgery; esthetic; chronic illness; treatment

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