Genetik Mekanizmalar ve Epigenetik

oral-biyokimya

F. Tuba Akdeniz

Genetik, biyolojik organizmaların varoluşunu, fonksiyonunu ve çeşitliliğini tanımlayan bilim dalıdır. Genler, DNA’da yer alan stabil yapılar olup, hücresel işlevleri, fizyolojik gelişimi ve bireysel özellikleri kodlar. Epigenetik ise genlerin ifade edilmesini veya susturulmasını etkileyen, DNA dizisini değiştirmeyen dışsal ve içsel faktörleri inceleyen bir alandır. Bu bölüm, genetik ve epigenetik ilke ve mekanizmalarının, özellikle  mutasyon, DNA tamiri ve kanserle olan ilişkisini detaylı bir şekilde ele almaktadır. Ayrıca genetik hastalıkların epigenetik mekanizmaları ile, bu durumun diş hekimliğinde ağız dokularında oluşturduğu değişiklikler açıklanmıştır.

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