Glioma Stem Cells Targeted Therapies

Tuğba AKTAN KÖŞKERa, Asuman SUNGUROĞLUb

aAnkara University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ankara, Türkiye

Aktan Köşker T, Sunguroğlu A. Glioma stem cells targeted therapies. In: Uğur HÇ, Bayatlı E, eds. Glial Tumours: Expectations from Today-Promises of the Future. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2024. p.76-82.

ABSTRACT

Malignant gliomas are the most common and lethal primary brain tumor despite innova- tive approaches. They are biologically aggressive and highly invasive tumors with no effective treat- ment due to their cellular heterogeneity and infiltrative capabilities. In recent years, it is proven that the reason for its poor prognosis, resistance to conventional treatments and high relapse rate, is cells called glioma stem cells (GSCs), which act like stem cells and are a small subset of tumor-initiating cells. Therefore, GSCs have become a critical target for therapy. Here we outline the targeted therapy for GSCs based on direct and indirect strategies. Direct strategies include several approaches such as block- ing related pathways, inducing GSC differentiation and virotherapy. Indirect strategies include ap- proaches targeting the GSC microenvironment, namely the perivascular, hypoxic, and immune niches. Overall, targeting GSCs holds significant promise for breakthrough approaches that could enhance glioma prognosis and treatment.

Keywords: Glioma stem cells; gliomas; targeted therapy; signaling pathways; niches

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