Hypoglycemia
Fatma Elmas AKGÜNa , Nazlı GÖRMELİ KURTa
aAnkara Bilkent City Hospital, Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
ABSTRACT
Hypoglycemia is a common condition encountered in the emergency department, with high mortality rates. It is characterized by low plasma glucose concentration and is rare in individuals without diabetes mellitus (DM), but can occur as a complication of DM treatment in individuals with DM. This study will discuss the diagnosis, etiology, and management of hypoglycemia from the perspective of the emergency department.
Keywords: Hypoglycemia; diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, 2; insulin
Referanslar
- Judith E. Tintinalli (2019) Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 9th Edition. McGraw Hill. 2019.p. 1431-3
- Vella, A. Hypoglycemia in adults without diabetes mellitus: Determining the etiology. Retrieved February 24 2024, from [Link]
- Erbatur, NH, Kuşkonmaz Ş. Diyabetik Olmayan Hastalarda Hipoglisemi. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi. 2023;24(4):518-26. [Crossref]
- Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice. St. Louis: Mosby, 2019.p.1546-7
- Seaquist ER, Anderson J, Childs B, Cryer P, Dagogo-Jack S, Fish L, et al. Hypoglycemia and diabetes: a report of a workgroup of the American Diabetes Association and the Endocrine Society. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(5):1384-95. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Mitrakou A, Ryan C, Veneman T, Mokan M, Jenssen T, Kiss I, Durrant J, Cryer P, Gerich J. Hierarchy of glycemic thresholds for counterregulatory hormone secretion, symptoms, and cerebral dysfunction. Am J Physiol. 1991;260(1 Pt 1):E67-74. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Cryer PE. Hypoglycemia, functional brain failure, and brain death. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(4):868-70. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Cryer PE, Davis SN, Shamoon H. Hypoglycemia in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(6):1902-12. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Cryer PE, Axelrod L, Grossman AB, Heller SR, Montori VM, Seaquist ER, et al. Endocrine Society. Evaluation and management of adult hypoglycemic disorders: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(3):709-28. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Vella A. Hypoglycemia in adults without diabetes mellitus: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and causes. 2020.
- Krinsley JS, Grover A. Severe hypoglycemia in critically ill patients: risk factors and outcomes. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(10):2262-7. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Yamamoto T, Fukuyama J, Hasegawa K, Sugiura M. Isolated corticotropin deficiency in adults. Report of 10 cases and review of literature. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152(8):1705-12. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Murad MH, Coto-Yglesias F, Wang AT, Sheidaee N, Mullan RJ, Elamin MB, et al. Clinical review: Drug-induced hypoglycemia: a systematic review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(3):741-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Marks V, Teale JD. Drug-induced hypoglycemia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1999;28(3):555-77. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Hepburn DA, Deary IJ, Frier BM, Patrick AW, Quinn JD, Fisher BM. Symptoms of acute insulin-induced hypoglycemia in humans with and without IDDM. Factor-analysis approach. Diabetes Care. 1991;14(11):949-57. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Towler DA, Havlin CE, Craft S, Cryer P. Mechanism of awareness of hypoglycemia. Perception of neurogenic (predominantly cholinergic) rather than neuroglycopenic symptoms. Diabetes. 1993;42(12):1791-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Cryer PE. Hypoglycemia in adults with diabetes mellitus. Waltham, MA (Massachusetts), United States. 2020
- McCall AL, Lieb DC, Gianchandani R, MacMaster H, Maynard GA, Murad MH, et al. Management of Individuals With Diabetes at High Risk for Hypoglycemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023;108(3):529-62. Erratum in: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Glatstein M, Scolnik D, Bentur Y. Octreotide for the treatment of sulfonylurea poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2012;50(9):795-804. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Ford W, Self WH, Slovis C, McNaughton CD. Diabetes in the Emergency Department and Hospital: Acute Care of Diabetes Patients. Curr Emerg Hosp Med Rep. 2013;1(1):1-9. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Donnino MW, Vega J, Miller J, Walsh M. Myths and misconceptions of Wernicke's encephalopathy: what every emergency physician should know. Ann Emerg Med. 2007;50(6):715-21. [Crossref] [PubMed]