Immunodeficiency and Tuberculosis

Nilgün KULAa , Tuğba ŞİŞMANLAR EYÜBOĞLUa

aGazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Chest Diseases, Ankara, Türkiye

ABSTRACT
Defects of the immune system are diseases these cause number and/or functional deficiencies of critical molecules involved in the development, differentiation and regulation of immune response. A number of primary immunodeficiency diseases, including genetic defects termed Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease, permit infection from many different strains of mycobacteria that would otherwise not cause disease. Secondary immunodeficiency is defined as a temporary or permanent impairment of the function of immune system cells or tissues caused by nonimmune-specific factors. Immunosuppressive treatments increase the risk of mycobacterial diseases. Human immunodeficiency virus is an important risk factor for the development of mycobacterial diseases. Diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis disease is usually based on the presence of appropriate symptoms, contact history, microbiological testing, molecular testing, tuberculin skin test, interferon-gamma release assays positivity, and appropriate radiological findings. The duration of prophylaxis and treatment is longer in immunocompromised patients.
Keywords: Immunodeficiency; tuberculosis

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