HARD DECISIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Intensivecareunitkapak

INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES

Emine Ünal Ceran

Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Intensive Care, Ankara, Türkiye

Ünal Ceran E. Interstitial Lung Diseases. In: Turan S, editor. Hard Decisions in Intensive Care Unit. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.39-47.

ABSTRACT

Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) encompass over 100 diverse conditions characterized by shared clin ical, radiological, and pathological features. ILDs arise from a combination of genetic predispositions and environmental factors, presenting with symptoms such as progressive dyspnea, cough, hypox ia, and reduced lung function. Diagnosis involves a thorough history, physical examination, imaging (particularly highresolution computed tomography), pulmonary function tests, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). ILDs are classified into fibrotic and nonfibrotic types, guiding treatment and prognosis. In the intensive care unit (ICU), ILD patients often require management for acute respiratory failure or infections. Treatment strategies include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, and oxygen sup port. For advanced cases, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and lung transplantation (LT) are considered. ILD management in the ICU is complex, requiring careful assessment of comor bidities and a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient outcomes. Early diagnosis and tailored treatment are crucial to improving quality of life and survival in ILD patients.

Keywords: Interstitial lung disease; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Pulmonary arterial hypertension

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