MICROBIOTA

microbiotakapak

INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION AND THE GUT MICROBIOTA

Funda Yavanoğlu Atay

Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, İstanbul, Türkiye

Yavanoğlu Atay F. Intrauterine Growth Restriction and the Gut Microbiota. Melek İM, Aydoğan S, eds. Microbiota. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.57-62.

ABSTRACT

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) / fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a condition characterized by the inability of the fetus to reach its growth potential, most commonly due to placental insufficiency. IUGR infants are at increased risk for various long-term health complications, including metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, immune dysfunctions, and neurodevelopmental delays. Recent research highlights the crucial role of the gut microbiota in early life, influencing immune system development, metabolism, and neurodevelopment. This review explores the relationship between IUGR and gut microbiota, focusing on the negative impact of dysbiosis in IUGR infants. It discusses the implications of dysbiosis on immune maturation, cognitive development, and the risks associated with catch-up growth. Therapeutic strategies, such as breastfeeding, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are reviewed as potential interventions to restore gut balance and improve the health outcomes of IUGR infants. Understanding the gut microbiota’s role in IUGR can help guide more effective treatments and promote optimal growth and development in this vulnerable population.

Keywords: Fetal growth retardation; Gastrointestinal microbiome; Infant; Newborn; Dysbiosis; Intestine; Small

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