PULMONARY PATHOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

pulmonary_pathologies_kapak

MANAGEMENT OF PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS STRATIFIED BY AGE GROUPS

Yahya Gül

Diyarbakır Pediatrics Hospital, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Diyarbakır, Türkiye

Gül Y. Management of Pulmonary Complications Stratified by Age Groups. In: Arslan Ş editor. Pulmonary Pathologies and Management Strategies in Primary Immunodeficiencies. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.141-151.

ABSTRACT

Primary immunodeficiencies (PID) are congenital disorders of the immune system in which pulmonary complications are common and represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In patients with PID, pulmonary infections, bronchiectasis, interstitial lung diseases, bronchiolitis obliterans, organizing pneumonia, granulomatous inflammation and, more rarely, neoplastic processes are frequently observed and classified according to age groups. Distinct clinical presentations are seen in childhood and adulthood, and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches vary according to the type of complication. Pulmonary infections are among the most frequent complications in PID and may even constitute the initial presentation. In particular, recurrent or treatment-refractory infections in individuals with PID should raise suspicion for an underlying immunodeficiency. Chronic complications such as bronchiectasis and interstitial lung diseases require long-term follow-up. Effective diagnostic and management strategies can improve both life expectancy and quality of life. Therefore, a systematic approach to pulmonary complications is of critical importance in the management of patients with PID.

Keywords: Common variable immunodeficiency; Lung diseases; Interstitial lung diseases; Bronchiectasis

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