Microbiological Aspects of Diagnosis of Childhood Tuberculosis

Burcu ÇAPRAZ YAVUZa , H. Uğur ÖZÇELİKa

aHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Chest Diseases, Ankara, Türkiye

ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. The elevated mortality rate of childhood tuberculosis reflects the difficulties in detecting and treating TB, particularly in those most at risk younger than five years of age. Early diagnosis of TB is critical to define the best therapeutic approaches. Sample collection methods significantly affect diagnosis of tuberculosis. Despite the fact that culture only confirms 10 to 50 percent of clinically diagnosed cases of pediatric tuberculosis, it remains the established reference standard for evaluating new diagnostic techniques. Molecular identification has emerged as an alternative or a complement to traditional microbiological identification. Here, we discussed traditional microbiological diagnostic approaches and specimen collection methods in childhood TB.
Keywords: Microbiological techniques; diagnosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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