NEUROINFLAMMATION MECHANISMS, CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

neuroinflamationkapak

NEUROINFLAMMATION IN NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES

İbrahim Kamacı1 Arman Çakar2 Yeşim Parman3

1İstanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, İstanbul, Türkiye
2İstanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, İstanbul, Türkiye
3İstanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, İstanbul, Türkiye

Kamacı İ, Çakar A, Parman Y. Neuroinflammation in Neuromuscular Diseases. In: Şahin Ş editor. Neuroinflammation. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.101-108.

ABSTRACT

Primary objective of inflammation is to mitigate damage caused by harmful stimuli and facilitate tissue repair. However, chronic inflammatory responses can result in cellular damage and dysfunction. This dual nature of inflammation has driven research efforts to elucidate its role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Understanding the involvement of inflammatory pathways have revealed novel insights into pathophysiology, identified biomarkers, and paved the way for innovative theraphies. Modulation of inflammatory response is increasingly recognized as pivotal in the management of certain neuromuscular diseases. Microglial and astrocytic activation are associated with rapid progression and shorter survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Although metabolic and genetic neuropathies are less studied compared to motor neuron diseases, high levels of proinflammatory cytokines in diabetic patients have been linked to increased polyneuropathy frequency and neuropathic pain. A similar trend is observed in hereditary myopathies, with elevated serum cytokine levels and findings confirmed by muscle biopsy specimens.

Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Myopathy; Neuropathy; Inflammation; Spinal muscular atrophy

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