NEUROINFLAMMATION MECHANISMS, CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

neuroinflamationkapak

NEUROINFLAMMATION IN POLYNEUROPATHIES: WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS?

Nur Başcı1
Ayşegül Gündüz2

1İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, İstanbul, Türkiye
2İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, İstanbul, Türkiye

Başcı N, Gündüz A. Neuroinflammation in Polyneuropathies: What Are The Effects?. In: Şahin Ş editor. Neuroinflammation. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.91-100.

ABSTRACT

Polyneuropathies represent a diverse group of peripheral nerve disorders with varying etiologies, including metabolic, toxic, immune-mediated, and hereditary factors. Growing evidence highlights the central role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of these conditions, leading to axonal damage, demyelination, and impaired regeneration. Diabetic polyneuropathy, toxic neuropathies, immune-mediated neuropathies, and hereditary neuropathies exhibit overlapping inflammatory pathways, pointing towards a shared pathogenesis. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal cytokine response, and immune cell activation contribute to nerve damage, demyelination, and impaired regeneration. Advances in understanding these mechanisms have revealed potential therapeutic options targeting cytokines, oxidative stress, and immune modulation to reduce neuroinflammation and promote repair.

Keywords: Polyneuropathies; Neuroinflammation; Peripheral neuropathy; Inflammation; Nervous system immune disorders

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