HEMORRHOID DISEASE: DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT AND COMPLICATION MANAGEMENT

Hemorrhoidal_Disease_Bahadir_Egekapak

NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENTIN BENIGN ANORECTAL DISEASES

Elif Önlü

Atılım University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Ankara, Türkiye

Önlü E. Nutritional Management in Benign Anorectal Diseases. In: Ege B, editor. Hemorrhoidal Disease: Diagnosis, Treatment and Complication Management. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.43-54.

ABSTRACT

Benign anorectal diseases, such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and pruritus ani, are common conditions that can significantly affect an individual’s quality of life. Proper nutritional management plays a crucial role in preventing and treating these disorders. A well-balanced diet rich in fiber is central to managing these conditions, as it can help alleviate constipation, reduce strain during bowel movements, and improve overall bowel health.

In the case of hemorrhoids, increasing dietary fiber intake can soften stool, ease its passage, and reduce the pressure on anal veins. Foods rich in fiber, such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, can aid in achieving soft, well-formed stools. Additionally, adequate hydration and the reduction of processed foods can help minimize the risk of constipation and subsequent hemorrhoidal exacerbation. For anal fissures, fiber supplementation is also essential to prevent further trauma to the anal mucosa during bowel movements.

Pruritus ani, characterized by itching in the anal region, can be triggered by various factors, including dietary habits. Certain foods, such as coffee, alcohol, spicy foods, and dairy, are known to exacerbate the condition and should be avoided. Maintaining a diet that supports gut health, including probiotics and natural laxative foods like figs and prunes, can help regulate bowel movements and reduce irritation.

For patients with anal fistulas or other anorectal conditions, managing stool consistency through dietary changes is critical to reduce the risk of infection and discomfort. Nutritional adjustments may involve increasing fiber intake to prevent diarrhea and constipation, as both extremes can worsen symptoms.

In conclusion, nutritional management is essential to managing benign anorectal diseases. A diet high in fiber, proper hydration, and avoidance of certain irritants can significantly improve symptoms and prevent recurrence. Tailored dietary recommendations should be based on the specific condition and individual patient needs to optimize treatment outcomes.

Keywords: Benign anorectal diseases; Nutritional management; Hemorrhoids; Dietary fiber; Constipation

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