COMMON LESIONS OF THE ORAL CAVITY

oralcavitykapak

ORAL CANDIDIASIS

Mustafa Taha Güller

Giresun University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Giresun, Turkey

Güller MT. Oral Candidiasis. In: Çakır B. editor. Common Lesions of the Oral Cavity. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.9-20.

ABSTRACT

Oral candidiasis (OC) is a fungal infection commonly found on the oral mucosa caused by Candida species. This condition can arise due to predisposing factors such as immunosuppressive therapies, systemic diseases, poor nutrition, and inadequate oral hygiene. Candida albicans is the most prevalent pathogen associated with this infection, playing a key role in pathogenesis with its ability to form filamentous structures and invade epithelial tissues. OC is classified into two main categories based on clinical presentations: primary (pseudomembranous, erythematous, hyperplastic) and secondary. Diagnosis involves a comprehensive medical history, clinical examination, and sometimes laboratory methods. Treatment includes the use of antifungal agents (e.g., nystatin, fluconazole) and addressing predisposing factors. Topical medications are the first choice, while systemic therapies are reserved for resistant cases. Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment are critical for managing the infection and preventing potential complications.

Keywords: Mouth mucosa; Antifungal agents; Opportunistic infections; Mycoses; Candida; Candida albicans

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