Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis Disease

Raziye ATANa , Emine Nural KİPERa

aHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Chest Diseases, Ankara, Türkiye

ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and it is one of the greatest infectious causes of death in people globally. It is largely a pathogen of the respiratory tract. However, particular infections arise at extrapulmonary locations, posing significant challenges in illness diagnosis and treatment. There are also disseminated infections, which occur as a result of reseeding from the lungs through the lymphatic and vascular systems. The clinical outcome of tuberculosis is influenced by the host immune response, environmental factors, and pathogen characteristics. It has long been recognized that tuberculosis induces both protective and tissue damaging immune responses. The clinical outcome depends on the balance between all these factors. Also understanding the immunopathogenesis is crucial for monitoring treatment and developing new treatments.
Keywords: Tuberculosis; pathogenesis; physiopathology; child; pediatrics

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