Pediatric Thoracic Trauma

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Mehmet ALAKAYAa , Ali Ertuğ ARSLANKÖYLÜa

aMersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Mersin, Türkiye

ABSTRACT
Pediatric thoracic trauma comprises 13.93% of all traumas. Pediatric thoracic trauma presents with a wide clinical picture ranging from a simple contusion to severe vascular injuries. In children with thoracic trauma, if abnormalities are detected according to the pediatric assessment triangle, the patient should be stabilized rapidly. If respiratory failure is present, pneumothorax and hemothorax should be rapidly evaluated and thoracentesis and/or tube thoracostomy and positive pressure ventilation if necessary should be performed while stabilizing the patient. Circulation should be evaluated to exclude tension pneumothorax, major vascular injuries, massive hemothorax and cardiac injuries. In the presence of any of these, rapid thoracentesis and/or thoracostomy, replacement with appropriate fluid and/or blood product, pericardiocentesis or emergency thoracotomy may be performed. Chest wall injuries can range from soft tissue injury to traumatic asphyxia. The presence of rib fractures suggests high-energy trauma. In pleural and/or lung parenchymal injuries, tube thoracostomy and drainage provide the majority of treatment. Mediastinal injuries are the traumas where thoracic surgery is most needed. Large vessel injuries and aortic rupture are the most mortal thoracic injuries.
Keywords: Child; thorax; thoracic injuries

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