PERIANAL SKIN CONDITIONS

Dr. Atıf Tekin, FTBS

Istanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, Bağcılar Medipol Mega Hospital, Department of General Surgery, İstanbul, Türkiye

ABSTRACT

Perianal skin can be affected by a variety of dermatological conditions. These conditions can be managed optimally by dermatologists and proctologists together. Nearly 1 to 5 percent of the adult population by pruritis ani and this condition is four times more common in the male population. It can be seen as a disturbance of patients’ quality of life, yet it is not life-threatening. It can be classified as primary and secondary. Primary pruritis ani can also be mentioned as idiopathic, secondary pruritis ani roots from a variety of pathologies. Primary pruritis ani takes 50 to 90 percent of the patient population while secondary pruritis ani occurs rarely. Perianal dermatitis, perianal psoriasis, lichen sclerosis, hidradenitis suppuritiva, infectious processes, condyloma acuminate, anal intraepithelial carcinoma, anal carcinoma, drug eruptions, and ulcerations may cause secondary pruritis ani. For proper treatment, clinical expertise and collaboration of colorectal surgery and dermatology are required.

Keywords: Skin Diseases; Pruritus; Anal Canal

Referanslar

  1. Markell KW, Billingham RP. Pruritus ani: etiology and management. Surg Clin N Am. 2010;90:125-35. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  2. Siddiqi S, Vijay V, Ward M, Mahendran R, Warren S. Pruritus ani. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2008;90:457-63. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  3. Hanno R, Murphy P. Pruritis ani. Classif management. Dermatol Clin. 1987;5:811-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  4. Umanskiy K, Messaris E, et al. Dermatology and Pruritus Ani. In: Steele SR, Hull TL, Hyman N, et al.,editors. The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery. Berlin: Springer International Publishing; 2022. p. 311-22. [Crossref]
  5. Griffiths CEM, Barker J, Bleiker TO, et al. Dermatoses of Perineal and Perianal Skin In Rook's Textbook of Dermatology 9th Edition. 9th ed. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell Publishing; 2016. p. 1131-11333.
  6. Zuccati G, Lotti T, Mastrolorenzo A, et al. Pruritus ani. Dermatol Ther. 2005;18(4):355-62. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  7. Ortega AE, Delgadillo X. Idiopathic pruritus ani and acute perianal dermatitis. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2019;32:327-32. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  8. Allan A, Ambrose NS, Silverman S, Keighley MR. Physiological study of pruritus ani. Br J Surg. 1987;74:576-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  9. Farouk R, Duthie GS, Pryde A, Bartolo DCC. Abnormal transient internal sphincter relaxation in idiopathic pruritus ani: physiological evidence from ambulatory monitoring. Br J Surg. 2005;81:603-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  10. Beck MH, Wilkinson SM. Contact dermatitis. In:Burns, Breathnach, Cox, Griffiths, editors. Rook text-book of dermatology. New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell; 2010. p. 1-106. Chp 26.
  11. Smith LE, Henrichs D, McCullah RD. Prospective studies on the etiology and treatment of pruritus ani. Dis Colon Rectum. 1982;25:358-63. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  12. Higgins E, Kirby B, Rogers S, Collins P. Methylchloroiso- thiazolinone and methylisothiazoli-none allergic contact dermatitis and the effect of patch test concentration. Dermatitis. 2013;24:73-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  13. Ralph N, Verma S, Merry S, Lally A, Kirby B, Collins P. What is the relevance of contact allergy to sodium metabisulfite and which concentration of the allergen should we use? Dermatitis. 2015;26:162-5. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  14. Omland SH, Gniadecki R. Psoriasis inversa: a separate identity or a variant of psoriasis vulgaris? Clin Dermatol. 2015;33:456-61. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  15. González-Pérez R, Sánchez-Martínez L, Piqueres Zubiaurrre T, Urtaran Ibarzábal A, Soloeta Arechavala R. Patch testing in patients with perianal eczema. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105:694-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  16. Fistarol SK, Itin PH. Diagnosis and treatment of lichen sclerosus: an update. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2013;14:27-47. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  17. Hughes R, Kelly G, Sweeny C, Lally A, Kirby B. The medical and laser management of hidradenitis suppurativa. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2015;16:111-23. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  18. Kimball AB, Kerdel F, Adams D, et al. Adalimumab for the treatment of moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a parallel randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157:846-55. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  19. Moriarty B, Jiyad Z, Creamer D. Four-weekly Infliximab in the treatment of severe hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2014;170:986-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  20. Blok JL, Boersma M, Terra JB, et al. Surgery under general anaesthesia in severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a study of 363 primary operations in 113 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29:1590-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  21. Block SL. Perianal dermatitis: much more than just adiaper rash. Pediatr Ann. 2013;42:12-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  22. Leszczyszyn J, Łebski I, Łysenko L, Hirnle L, Gerber H. Anal warts (condylomata acuminata) - current issues and treatment modalities. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2014;23:307-11. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  23. Mengjun B, Zheng-Qiang W, Tasleem MM. Extramammary Paget's disease of the perianal region: a review of the literature emphasizing management. Dermatol Surg. 2013;39:69-75. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  24. Tan SC, Tan JW. Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;11:313-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  25. Burgess NA, Lari JL. Pyoderma gangrenosum with large circumferential perianal skin loss in a child. Br J Clin Pract. 1991;45:223-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed]