PULMONARY PATHOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

pulmonary_pathologies_kapak

PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS ACROSS SPECIFIC CATEGORIES OF PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCIES

Mehmet Kılınç1 Kerim Yeşildağ2

1Batman Training and Research Hospital, Department of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Batman, Türkiye
2Konya Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Konya, Türkiye

Kılınç M, Yeşildağ K. Pulmonary Manifestations Across Specific Categories of Primary Immunodeficiencies. In: Arslan Ş editor. Pulmonary Pathologies and Management Strategies in Primary Immunodeficiencies. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.175-188.

ABSTRACT

Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are a group of predominantly inherited disorders characterized by developmental, functional, or structural defects in one or more components of the immune system. More than 550 distinct PIDs have been identified, and the number continues to grow with the discovery of new genetic defects. The clinical manifestations vary depending on the type of immune defect, and the relationship between genotype and phenotype often exhibits considerable heterogeneity. Respiratory tract infections and their complications represent major causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with PID. While upper respiratory tract infections are common, lower respiratory tract complications-such as pneumonia, bronchiectasis, and interstitial lung diseases-tend to be more severe and are critical in determining disease prognosis. Respiratory involvement may result from both infectious and non-infectious causes. Therefore, early diagnosis and timely implementation of appropriate treatment strategies are essential to prevent or mitigate respiratory complications associated with PIDs.

Keywords: Primary immunodeficiencies; Pulmonary complications; Immune system dysfunction; Bronchiectasis; Interstitial lung disease

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