ANESTHESIOLOGY FAST REVIEW

ANESTHESIOLOGY_FAST_REVIEWKAPAK1-0-25

RESPIRATORY PHISIOLOGY

Emine Aslanlar

Selçuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Konya, Türkiye

Aslanlar E. Respiratory Phisiology In: Kazancı D, editor. Anesthesiology Fast Review. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.3-8.

ABSTRACT

  • One of the major complications of anesthesia is hypoxemia. Hypoxemia is caused by right-to-left shunt, ventilation-perfusion mismatch, and alveolar hypoventilation.
  • Anesthesia increases respiratory workload by decreasing lung compliance.
  • The V/Q (Ventilation/Perfusion) ratio, which shows the harmony between ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q), does not have the same value everywhere in the lung.
  • Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) is influenced by patient position, with the highest FRC in the upright position and decreases in the supine, prone and head-down positions (greatest decrease).
  • The rate of development of atelectasis in anesthetized patients is 90%. The rate of atelectasis after cardiac surgery and thoracic surgery is higher than other types of surgery.

Keywords: Anesthesia; Lung; Ventilation; Perfusion

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