Roles of Enzymes in Metabolism and Gut Health

hayvan-besleme-10-1-kapak-wos-etiketsiz

Muhammad Shazaib RAMAYa , Ali ÇALIKa , Ahmet CEYLANb

aAnkara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Türkiye

ABSTRACT
Exogenous enzymes stand out as a widely used feed supplement in zootechnical feed additives. In poultry, their primary role is to enhance the ‘digestibility’ of economically valuable nutrients (energy, protein, and phosphorus), leading to improved bird health, performance, and reduced environmental impact. Mechanisms of enzyme action include reinforcing host enzyme systems, hydrolyzing viscous compounds, deactivating antinutrients, and enhancing the gut microbial ecosystem. Predominantly influencing gut health, exogenous enzymes regulate digestive physiology, intestinal microbiota, and immune responses. Commercially, microbial-derived enzymes (carbohydrase, protease, amylase, lipase, and phytase) are prevalent. They are available individually or in combinations and are often marketed with energy, protein or mineral replacement value. The response to enzyme supplementation is significantly influenced by feed type, processing conditions and host digestive tract physiology. Overall, incorporating exogenous enzymes in poultry diets is becoming a common practice, aiming to reduce the variability in diet quality, particularly with the use of unconventional feed ingredients.
Keywords: Enzyme; gut health; endo-1,4-beta xylanases; 6-phytase

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