Dermatologic Emergencies

dermatology-emergencieskapak-1-0-25

Scabies

Orhan Özsoy
Sivas Numune Hospital, Clinic Of Emergency Medicine, Sivas, Türkiye

Sedat Özbay
Sivas Numune Hospital, Clinic Of Emergency Medicine, Sivas, Türkiye

Özsoy o, Özbay S. Scabies. In: oğuztürk H, Görmeli Kurt n, eds. Dermatologic Emergencies. 1st ed. Ankara: türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.140-7.

ABSTRACT

Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. The main source of transmission is often long-term close contact, while fomite-mediated transmission also plays a role, especially in crusted scabies. Animal-to-human transmission is not observed. It is thought to affect approximately 200 million people worldwide each year. It can affect individuals of all ages. Clinical features include excoriations accompanied by itching that worsens at night and skin lesions that are often papular, but can also be bullous, vesicular or nodular. Demonstration of mites, eggs or feces on the skin is the definitive diagnostic method. Although there are different groupings, classic scabies and crusted scabies are the most common types. The most common complication is secondary skin infections caused by the disruption of skin integrity due to itching. Sepsis and especially death may occur as a result of secondary skin infections, especially in crusted scabies patients. Although it varies between countries, topical permethrin or oral ivermectin constitute the first-line treatment of classic scabies. In the treatment of crusted scabies, permethrin, oral ivermectin and a keratolytic lotion or cream are used together. In endemic regions or institutional outbreak situations, oral ivermectin is a good option due to its ease of use and application. Controlling the transmission and environmental factors, treating individuals in contact, and managing pruritus and complications are important steps in the treatment of scabies.

Keywords: Scabies; mites; pruritus; permethrin; ivermectin

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