Septicemia in Chinchillas

veterinerbilichastaliklari10-3-24kapak

Fulya SEVİNa , Duygu DALĞINa
aOndokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsun, Türkiye

ABSTRACT
Chinchillas, native to the Andes Mountains of South America, are small, nocturnal rodents popular as pets for their sociable nature and odorless, luxurious fur. Despite their resilience, they are susceptible to various bacterial infections, leading to diseases and, in severe cases, septicemia. Opportunistic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, and various Salmonella species, among others, pose significant health risks. These infections can lead to systemic diseases, impacting organs and causing morbidity and mortality. Antibiotic resistance, particularly in strains of P. aeruginosa, highlights the need for regular monitoring and careful antibiotic use. Septicemia, a severe bloodstream infection, underscores the importance of swift veterinary intervention. Safe antibiotic options are available, but care must be taken to avoid disrupting the chinchillas’ sensitive gut flora. The spread of these infections not only affects the health of chinchillas but also presents zoonotic risks, emphasizing the importance of awareness and proper management practices among pet owners and breeders. In this chapter, the importance of septicemia caused by bacterial infections in chinchillas and published case reports and articles were compiled to create a scientific resource.

Keywords: Chinchillas; bacterial infections; septicemia; antibiotic resistance

Referanslar

  1. Hoefer HL. Chinchillas. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1994;24(1):103-11. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  2. Riggs SM, Mitchell MA. Chinchillas. Manual of Exotic Pet Practice. WB Saunders; 2009. p.474-92. [Crossref]
  3. Martino PE, Bautista EL, Gimeno EJ, Stanchi NO, Radman NE. Fourteen-year status report of fatal illnesses in captive chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). J Appl Anim Res. 2017;45(1):310-4. [Crossref]
  4. Hirakawa Y, Sasaki H, Kawamoto E, Ishikawa H, Matsumoto T, Aoyama N, et al. Prevalence and analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chinchillas. BMC Vet Res. 2010;6:52. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC]
  5. Wideman WL. Pseudomonas aeruginosa otitis media and interna in a chinchilla ranch. Can Vet J. 2006;47(8):799-800.
  6. Doerning BJ, Brammer DW, Rush HG. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a Chinchilla lanigera. Lab Anim. 1993;27(2):131-3. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  7. Mans C, Donnelly TM. Update on diseases of chinchillas. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2013;16(2):383-406. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  8. Ozawa S, Mans C, Szabo Z, Di Girolamo N. Epidemiology of bacterial conjunctivitis in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera): 49 cases (2005 to 2015). J Small Anim Pract. 2017;58(4):238-45. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  9. Cotinot C, Kirszenbaum M, Leonard M, Gianquinto L, Vaiman M. Isolation of bovine Y-derived sequence: potential use in embryo sexing. Genomics. 1991; 10(3):646-53. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  10. Gornatti Churria CD, Vigo GB, Origlia J, Campos J, Caffer M, Píscopo M, et al. Diagnosis of an outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera) by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Rev Argent Microbiol. 2014;46(3):205-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  11. Parker SJ, Watkins PE. Experimental models of gram-negative sepsis. Br J Surg. 2001;88(1):22-30. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  12. Diaz LL, Lepherd M, Scott J. Enteric infection and subsequent septicemia due to attaching and effacing Escherichia coli in a Chinchilla. Comp Med. 2013;63(6):503-7.
  13. Mısırlıoğlu D, Çetin C, Kahraman MM, Caner V, Özyiğit, M. Ö. Salmonella infection in a chinchilla farm. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences. 2002;26(1):151-5.
  14. Santos IR, Raiter J, Dal Pont TP, Brunner CB, Lopes BC, Cecco BS, et al. Pathology of Salmonella enterica Subspecies enterica Serotype Typhimurium Infection in Chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera). J Comp Pathol. 2022 ;194:14-21. [Crossref]  [PubMed]
  15. Sabocanec R, Culjak K, Ramadan K, Naglic T, Šeol B, Maticic D. Incidence of listeriosis in farm chinchillas (Chinchilla laniger) in Croatia. Vet Arh. 2000;70(3):159-67.
  16. Graham JE, Doss GA, Beaufrère H, Exotic Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. 1st ed. Wiley-Blackwell; 2021. [Crossref]