A GUIDE TO HEALTHY PREGNANCY MANAGING AILMENTS AND FINDING SOLUTIONS

A_Guide_to_Healthy_Pregnancy

UNDERSTANDING GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND HOW TO MANAGE IT

Selma Dağcı

İstanbul Provincial Health Directorate, Department of Public Hospitals Services-2, İstanbul, Türkiye

Dağcı S. Understanding Gestational Diabetes and How to Manage It. Çetin A, ed. A Guide To Healthy Pregnancy: Managing Ailments and Finding Solutions. 1st ed. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2025. p.33-49.

ABSTRACT

In the 1950s, W.P.U. Jackson emphasized that women who develop diabetes during pregnancy may have a higher risk of having a macrosomic baby and stillbirth. In 1957, Elsie Reed Carrington and colleagues defined “gestational diabetes”. The official definition of gestational diabetes was made in 1979 at the First International Workshop on Gestational Diabetes. In the second workshop held in 1984, it was accepted that gestational diabetes was a condition requiring diagnosis and that it was a different type of diabetes by the American Diabetes Association. After the 1990s, studies on screening, diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes gained momentum. Today, gestational diabetes is seen in 7% of pregnancies; its insidans varies between 1% and 14% in different ethnic groups. According to projections, it is estimated that 18.3 million live births will be affected by hyperglycemia in 2030 and 18 million in 2045. In order to prevent maternal, neonatal and fetal complications related to gestational diabetes in our society in the twenty-first century, screening, treatment and follow-up processes must be perfect. In this study, we aimed to examine the follow-up and management strategies of gestational diabetes in the antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum periods.

Keywords: Gestational diabetes; Risk factors; Diagnosis; Oral glucose tolerance test

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