Yanığın Sınıflandırılması

Op. Dr. Uğur Kılınç1
Prof. Dr. Murat Kendirci2

1Sincan Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Genel Cerrahi Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye
2Hitit Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Genel Cerrahi ABD, Yanık Ünitesi, Çorum, Türkiye

ÖZET

Yanık dünyada yıllık yaklaşık 11 milyon insanı etkilemekte ve yaklaşık 180.000 hastanın ölümüne sebep olmaktadır. Ayrıca Amerika da yapılan bir çalışma verilerine göre bu hastaların %86’sı termal, %4’ü elektrik, %3’ü kimyasal ve %7 ini ise diğer yanık türleri oluşturmaktadır. Yanığın sınıflandırılması, yanık alanı ve derinliğinin doğru ve kabul edilen sınıflamalarla hesaplanması yanık tedavisi için ortak bir tedavi protokolü için gereklidir. Yanık etken ve tiplerine göre 5 ana başlık altında toplandı; 1.Termal yanıkları, 2. Kimyasal yanıklar, 3. Sürtünme yanıkları, 4. Elektrik yanıkları, 5. Radyasyon yanıkları. Ayrıca yanığı derinliğine göre 1., 2., 3. ve 4. Derece olarak sınıflandırıldı. Yanığı şiddetine göre ise T.C. Sağlık bakanlığının 2012 yılında oluşturduğu, yanık konusunda deneyimli ve tecrübeli hocalarca hazırlanan algoritmaya göre küçük, orta ve büyük olarak sınıflandırıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sınıflandırma; Yanık; Termal yanıklar; Kimyasal yanıklar; Elektrik yanıkları, Radyasyon

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