Yanık Hastalarında Anestezi

Dr. Bilge Tuncer1
Doç. Dr. Feyza Sever2

1Bilkent Şehir Hastanesi, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye
2Bilkent Şehir Hastanesi, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye

ÖZET

Yanık hastalarının tedavisinde hem ameliyathane, hem de yoğun bakımlardaki işlemler sırasında anestezistlere oldukça büyük görev ve sorumluluklar düşmektedir. Anestezi uzmanı, yanık hastasının kendine özgü peroperatif sorunlarını bilmeli, yanık şoku ve resüsitasyonu, zor havayolu ve inhalasyon hasarı gibi durumların yönetiminde özel ilgi ve beceriye sahip olmalıdır. Yanık hastasında meydana gelen patofizyolojik ve hemodinamik değişiklikler nedeniyle anestezi yönetimi oldukça karmaşıktır. Anestezi öncesi kapsamlı bir değerlendirme yapılarak morbidite ve mortalite artışına neden olabilecek risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi gerekir. Anestezi uzmanı, hava yolu yönetimi, sıvı resüsitasyonu, uygun ajanların seçilmesi, hemodinamik destek, intravasküler erişim, termoregülasyon ve optimal ventilasyon stratejilerinin belirlenmesi gibi alanların yönetiminde kritik rol oynar. Yanık hastalarında gelişen farmakokinetik ve farmakodinamik değişikliklerin bilinmesi uygun ajanların uygun dozlarının belirlenmesi gerekir. Yanık hastasının tedavisinde anestezi uzmanının cerrahi ve yoğun bakım ekibinin diğer üyeleriyle güçlü bir iletişim ve işbirliği ile çalışması hastaya önemli katkı sağlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Erişkin; Çocuk; Yanıklar; Anestezi

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